Chapter 2 Quiz (Psychology – Children Inherit Genetic Syndrome)
Do children inherit genetic syndrome? Genes and chromosomes are some of the topics covered in this chapter.
Marisol works with people who wish to become parents, helping them determine whether there is a risk that their children will inherit genetic defects and chromosomal abnormalities. This type of work is referred to as _______.
genetic counseling – correct
prenatal diagnosis
amniocentesis
chromosomal analysis
Which factor may cause genes to mutate?
high-fat diet
young maternal age
vitamin deficiency
exposure to radiation – correct
Arlo is a man who produces high levels of testosterone, which results in severe acne and poor coordination. He also has a slender build. What syndrome of chromosomal abnormality does he most likely have?
Turner
Klinefelter’s
triple-X
Jacob’s – correct
A research finding about adopted children is that they ______.
are more likely to have adjustment difficulties – correct
have more educational resources than other children
have more achievements throughout life
children inherit genetic syndrome
show more engagement during class in school
Of the following statements, which is the best description of how genes influence personal characteristics?
Heart disease is so strongly influenced by environmental factors that genes rarely play a role in one’s risk.
Even for traits heavily influenced by genetics, interventions can influence how they are expressed. – correct
Identical twins share 100% of their genes and are therefore 100% alike in personal characteristics.
Monozygotic twins and dizygotic twins are equally similar in terms of genetic inheritance.
Of the following disorders, which is the result of dominant inheritance?
sickle cell anemia
cystic fibrosis
Huntington’s disease – correct
Down syndrome
When multiple genes interact to produce a given trait, this is referred to as ______.
incomplete dominance
heterozygous inheritance
genomic imprinting
polygenic inheritance – correct
When someone has Klinefelter’s syndrome, what are the basic symptoms?
high-pitched voice, feminine body shape, breast enlargement, and infertility – correct
slender build, severe acne, and poor coordination
short stature, small jaws, and extra folds of skin around the neck
short, stocky build, and round face; almond-shaped eyes; and a flattened nose
When multiple genes interact to produce a given trait, this is referred to as ______.
heterozygous inheritance
incomplete dominance
genomic imprinting
polygenic inheritance – correct
Andrew and Alexandra are dizygotic twins. A statement that describes them is that they ______.
originated from the same zygote
are a rare combination in terms of fertilization
must have the same hair color and eye color
share about one half of their genes – correct
The biological process that results in gametes is referred to as ______.
meiosis – correct
gamete transfer
gametosis
mitosis
The reason why both males and females can inherit fragile X syndrome is because ______.
it’s due to a recessive gene that needs to appear on both X chromosomes to be displayed
it’s passed randomly throughout the population, regardless of the X chromosome
it’s passed from father to son and mother to daughter through the X chromosome
it’s due to a dominant gene that needs to appear on only one X chromosome to be displayed – correct
When multiple genes interact to produce a given trait, this is referred to as ______.
heterozygous inheritance
incomplete dominance
genomic imprinting
polygenic inheritance – correct
Andrew and Alexandra are dizygotic twins. A statement that describes them is that they ______.
originated from the same zygote
are a rare combination in terms of fertilization
must have the same hair color and eye color
share about one half of their genes – correct
The biological process that results in gametes is referred to as ______.
meiosis – correct
gamete transfer
gametosis
mitosis
The reason why both males and females can inherit fragile X syndrome is because ______.
it’s due to a recessive gene that needs to appear on both X chromosomes to be displayed
it’s passed randomly throughout the population, regardless of the X chromosome
it’s passed from father to son and mother to daughter through the X chromosome
it’s due to a dominant gene that needs to appear on only one X chromosome to be displayed – correct
Within each cell is a nucleus that contains 23 matching pairs of rod-shaped structures called ______.
chromosomes – correct
genes
deoxyribonucleic acid
genome
What are genes composed of?
phenylalanine
proteins
deoxyribonucleic acid – correct
zygotes
Which condition is acquired through X-linked inheritance?
Huntington’s disease
sickle cell anemia
phenylketonuria
Duchenne muscular dystrophy – correct
The most widely known chromosome disorder is ______.
Jacob’s syndrome
Turner syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
Down syndrome – correct
Which diagnostic procedure poses a risk to fetal development?
NIPT
fetal MRI
ultrasound
amniocentesis – correct
Prenatal testing is recommended when the pregnant woman is older than age ______.
25
28
30
35 – correct
Which factor contributes to the differences seen in siblings, including fraternal twins?
canalization
niche-picking – correct
reaction range
epigenetics
children inherit genetic syndrome
Much of the genetic material in a human body is in common with other species.
True – correct
False
Turner syndrome is a sex chromosome abnormality that only occurs in females.
True – correct
False
Canalization refers to the extent to which variation among people on a given characteristic is due to genetic differences.
True
False – correct