Volcanic Eruption, Earth’s Climate, Lava, Ocean, Earth’s Surface, El Niño, Upwelling
The key terms in this Earth Science course include Volcanic Eruption, Earth’s Climate, Lava, Ocean, Earth’s Surface, El Niño, Upwelling, La Niña, Wind, Currents, Salt, Global Warming, Pacific, Interglacial Period, Ice Ages, Venus, Mercury, Gyre, Geostrophic, Thermohaline, Earth Science.
What impact can a very large volcanic eruption have on earth’s climate?
- It will warm the earth’s surface as more lava is released by the volcanic eruption.
- The eruption will warm the earth’s surface as more heat is trapped by the dust particles.
- It will cool the earth’s surface as more snow will fall with the presence of more condensation nuclei.
- It will cool the earth’s surface as radiation from the sun is blocked from entering the atmosphere. – correct
What is the upward movement of cold water from the ocean depths called?
- El Niño
- upwelling – correct
- global warming
- La Niña
El Niño begins with which of the following?
- heavy mudslides in California and tornadoes in Florida
- the westward movement of winds and currents in the Pacific
- the eastward movement of winds and currents in the Pacific – correct
- upwelling of cold ocean water
What impact does El Niño have on the fishing industry?
- Nutrients no longer come to the surface, so fish die or migrate. – correct
- Fishermen are unable to fish with the intense winds and currents.
- An increase in the number of sea birds depletes the fish supply.
- Ocean temperatures are too warm for some fish.
Areas such as Australia and Indonesia will experience heavier than normal rains during which of the following?
- ice ages
- La Niña – correct
- El Niño
- interglacial period
Why is the surface temperature of Venus higher than it is on Mercury?
- Mercury rotates.
- Venus is closer to the sun.
- Mercury is too small.
- The greenhouse effect is operating on Venus. – correct
Volcanic Eruption & Earth’s Climate
In the Northern Hemisphere, a wind blowing from the south to the north will cause a current of water in which direction?
- east – correct
- south
- north
- west
Off the coast of Ecuador, cold, nutrient-rich water rises from below.
Which of the following best describes this current?
- coastal upwelling – correct
- downwelling
- thermohaline current
- geostrophic current
The waters off the coast of France are cold.
Which of the following is the best explanation?
- The gyre rotates counterclockwise, removing warm water from the south.
- Gyre rotates clockwise, removing warm water from the north.
- The gyre rotates clockwise, bringing cold water from the north. – correct
- The gyre rotates counterclockwise, bringing cold water from the south.
Which of the following has a definite pattern of variation with respect to latitude?
- pH
- temperature – correct
- density
- salinity
Look at the diagram of sea-surface temperatures.
In which of the following areas would you expect to find the highest salinity?
- the North Atlantic
- the Antarctic Ocean
- the mid-Atlantic – correct
- the Arctic Sea
According to the density profile shown here, at which depth would you find the coolest, saltiest waters?
- depth A
- the depth B
- depth C – correct
- You cannot tell from this graph.
Which explanation best describes the development of a wave?
- The air mixes with the water to produce a wave.
- Wind blows water along in one direction, thereby causing it to move great distances.
- Friction between the moving air and the underlying water imparts energy, which causes the water to move horizontally great distances.
- Friction between the moving air and the underlying water imparts energy, which causes the water to move in a circular motion, but the energy moves great distances. – correct