Sentence Verb & Accent – English Language
This English language lesson covers English grammar, sentence, verb and English accent.
Accent
The way we pronounce words. There are examples of different accents: Scouser, Geordie
Accommodation
We adjust our words to address the person we are speaking to
A word formed from the intiall letters of other words
Active Voice
When the subject of the verb is the person performing the action
Adjacency Pair
Two-part exchanges following a predictable pattern and found in a conversation
Adjective
A describing word
Adverb
A word that tells us more about a verb, adverb or adjective
Adverbial
A word or group of words working as an adverb , giving info on time, place or manner
Affix
A group of letters forming part of a word
Alliteration
When two or more words begin with the same letter
Amelioration
A change in the meaning of a word that gives the word a more postitve meaning
Anaphoric Reference
A word or expression in a text that refers back to another part of the text
Antonym
A word that is opposite in meaning to another word
Assonance
When the vowel sounds in the middle of two or more words are similar
Asyndetic Listing
Listing which does not involve the use of conjuctions
Auxiliary Verb
A verb placed in front of a main verb
Blend
A word formed by combining parts of other words
Borrowing
A word taken from another language
Broadening
Occurs when the meaning of a word is extended; the word retains its old meaning but takes on one or more added meanings as well
Cataphoric Reference
A word or expression in a text that refers forward to another part of the text
Clause
A group of words forming a unit withing a sentence, usually containing a subject and a verb
Clipping
A word formed by shortening an exsisting word
Cohesion
The techniques and devices used to connect different parts of a text with each other
Coinage
The creation of a completley new word
Collocation
Groups of words that are commonly found alongside each other
Comparative
An adjective that makes a comparison, usually ending in -er
Complement
A part of a sentence that describes a subject or an object
A sentecne containing a main clause and one or more clasues of lesser importance
Compound
A word or expression formed from the combination of other words
Compund Sentence
Two or more simple sentences joined together by a coordinatijg conjunction
Conjunction
A word which joins together the different parts of a sentence
Connotation
That associations a word has
Contraction
Occurs when words are combined to form a single, shortended word
Convergence
When the speech styles of two or more people move closer to each other
Creole
A pidgin language that has developed and become the first language or new generarions or speakers
Declarative Sentence
A sentence that makes a statement
Deixis
Deictic expressions cannot be understood unless the context of the utterance is know
Denotation
The meaning of a word
Descriptivism
An approach to the study of language that describes how language is used but does not judge language use as a correct or incorrect
Determiner
A word used before a noun to indicate quantity, identity or significance
Dialect
A variety of language with distinctive features of vocab, grammar and accent
When the speech styles of two or more people move away from each other
End-Focus
Placing emphasis upon the closing part of a sentence
Estuary English
An accent from London that has spread around the country
Euphemism
A mild or indirect expression used instead of one that is considererd in some way offensive, painful or unpleasant
Exclamatory Sentecne
A sentence that ends with an exclamation mark
Field-specific Lexis
Vocab associated with a particular topic or field
Filled Pause
A hesitation such as ‘um’ or ‘er’
Filler
A word of little meaning put into your speech e.g. ‘you know’, ‘like’
Genre
A type or form
Graphology
The visual aspects of a text
Head Word
The main word in a phrase
Hypernym, Hyponym
Hypernym: General word linked in meaning to more speciific words, know as hyponyms
Idiolect
The form of language used by, and unique to, a single person
Idiom
An expression whose meaning can not be understood from the meanings of the person words that make up the expression
Imperative Sentence
A sentence that is a command
Infinitive
A form of a verb that does not specify person or number
Inflection
A letter or group of letters at the end of a word serving a grammatical function. Also know as an inflectional affix
Interrogative Sentence
A sentence that is a question
Intertextuality
When a text makes a reference to, or incorporates elements of, another text
Intransitive Verbs
Verbs which do not require an object
Jargon
The specialist vocab associated with a specific occupation or activity
Lexical Field
A group of words that has been taken from another language
Lexis
Another term for vocab
Loan Word
A word that has been taken from another language
Metaphor
A comparison that describes a person, object or situation as if it actually were something else
Modal Auxiliary
Auxiliary verbs which are only ever used in conjunction with a main verb
Modifier
A word that gives more info about a head word
Monosyllabic Words
Words of one syllable
Morpheme
The smallest unit of language that expresses meaning or serves a grammatical function; always a letter or group of letters
Morphology
The study of the structure of words
Narrowing
When the meaning of a word narrows so that it becomes more limited and specific
Non-fluency Features
Features that interrupt the flow of a person’s speech
Noun
A word that indicates the name given to a person, place, object, feeling etc.
Onomatopoeia
When the sound of a word echoes its meaning