Rock Force And Layer Of Earth – Astronomy
This discussion is about Rock Force And Layer Of Earth – Astronomy.
compression
type of stress that occurs when an object is squeezed together
shear
type of stress where rock is pushed in opposite horizontal direction
transform
type of boundary where crust is neither created nor destroyed
divergent
plate boundary between two tectonic plates that are pulling away from each other
crustal deformation
the change in shape or size of a rock due to folding or breaking
volcano
type of mountain formed when molten rock is forced to the Earth’s surface
Pacific Plate
largest lithospheric plate
tension
type of stress that pulls rocks apart
constructive forces
forces that build up existing landforms or creates new surface features of Earth
deposition
this process creates sand dunes, beaches, and deltas
destructive forces
forces that destroy landforms through weathering or erosion
chemical weathering
the changing of materials in a rock by a chemical process
plate boundary where tectonic plates move toward each other and collide
valley
low lying land situated between hills or mountains
magma
molten rock deep within the Earth
Juan de Fuca and North American
tectonic plates responsible for formation of the Cascade Mountains
outer core
layer of Earth that is liquid
mantle
thickest layer of Earth
tal crust is made up of this rockcontinen
granite
what do convection currents move?
tectonic plates
the crust and mantle together make up this zone of rigid, brittle rock
lithosphere
core two minerals located in the Earth’s
iron and nickel
the supercontinent
Pangaea
the two continents that best fit in Pangaea
South America and Africa
seafloor spreading
process that creates new oceanic crust
asthenosphere
the plastic like layer of Earth on which the tectonic plates move
caldera
formed by the collapse of land
subduction
one plate is forced down into the mantle, where it begins to melt
folding and faulting of rock forms tall _______
mountains
type of plate boundary that formed the Mid- Atlantic Ridge
divergent
type of plate boundary where crust is destroyed
convergent
mountain range that is still growing today due to continental plate collision?
Himalayas
type of plate boundary that only produces earthquake activity
transform
type of plate boundary responsible for the formation of volcanoes
convergent
continental drift
the hypothesis that continents were once connected and have slowly moved to current location over a period of time
this boundary usually results in subduction
convergent
new crust is formed at this type of boundary
divergent
most famous transform boundary (located in US)
San Andreas fault
crustal deformation
this constructive force causes the movement of tectonic plates squeezing or bending the surface of Earth
Alfred Wegener
scientist who determined evidence for continental drift
weathering
a slow, destructive force that wears down or breaks rocks into smaller pieces called sediments
earthquake
vibrations on the surface caused by sudden movement as built up energy along plate boundary or fault is released
two elements found in the crust
oxygen and silicon
convection currents
mechanism for movement of tectonic plates
type of stress associated with a convergent boundary
compression
the Red Sea formed as a result of this type of plate boundary
divergent
Ring of Fire
area of active volcanoes that surround the Pacific Plate
plateau
an elevated area of land with
a flat delta
a flat plain at the mouth of a river
center of rice production and cotton growth in Arkansas
Delta
stalactite
structure hanging like an icicle from the roof of a cave
highest point in Arkansas
Mount Magazine
region of Arkansas formed by constructive forces squeezing rocks together
Ouachita Mountains
the region of Arkansas in which you live
Arkansas River Valley
region of Arkansas which was carved out by the Mississippi River and the Ohio River
Crowley’s Ridge
Arkansas region famous for the only public diamond mine
West Gulf Coastal Plains
Arkansas region known for cave systems formed by dissolved limestone
Ozark Mountains
plate boundaries
locations where two tectonic plates interact
tectonic plates slide past one another
transform boundary
tectonic plates move away from each other
divergent boundary
tectonic plates move towards each other and collide
convergent boundary
continental crust
ocean crust
mid-ocean ridges form when magma moved up into the spread region and cools
(sea-floor spreading)
San Andreas Fault is an example of _______
transform boundary
Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Red Sea, and the Great Rift Valley are
divergent boundary
Cascade Mountains, Japan, Himalayan Mtns., and the Appalachian Mtns. are all examples of ______
convergent boundary
most of the knowledge about the Earth comes from
earthquakes
plates of the lithosphere float on the ________
asthenosphere
continental crust.
forms continents and is a thin layer
oceanic crust..
is the thicker layer
are most plate boundaries found in the ocean or on land?
Ocean
name the layers of Earth in order
inner core, outer core, lower mantle, middle mantle, upper mantle, crust
two constructive forces
deposition and crustal deformation
four destructive forces
weathering, erosion, mechanical weathering and chemical weathering