Earth Sun & Stars studies Astronomy
This Chapter covers Earth Sun & Stars studies Astronomy
The North Pole is in daytime for several weeks at a time, with no time
True
The capture theory explains that the Moon sometimes appears red because of its attraction to rocky particles in space.
False
During an equinox, the number of daylight hours and nighttime hours are nearly equal all over the world.
True
Why does summer recieve more daylight hours than winter?
The hemisphere of the Earth is tilted more toward the Sun.
Which of the following definitions BEST defines a satellite?
Any object that revolves around another object.
Which of the following items is shaped MOST LIKE the moon?
An egg
Because of the Earth’s ____________, the sun and other stars appear to be moving across the sky.
Rotation
The Sun and Stars do not move.
True
Solstices occurs four times per year: during summer, fall, winter, and spring.
False
Gravity is __________ to the distance between and difference in mass between two objects.
Proportional
The Sun illuminates _______ of the Moon at all times.
One-half
Which of the following occurs in January when the Earth is closest to the sun?
A perigee
Which of the statements BEST summarizes what the Earth and Moon have in common?
They are both constantly revolving in an elliptical path
After the Big Bang, protons, electrons, and neutrons were formed through:
Nuclear fusion
A redshift can described as:
A galaxy that is moving away from us
After the Big Bang, matter and radiation caused:
The stars to form
_____ cannot be created or destroyed.
Matter
The patter that is observed in the universe can be described as:
Loosely repeated over and over again
Which of the following words BEST describes scientists’ current knowledge about the universe?
Changing
Astronomers believe that the universe began as an enclosed, cold object.
False
Our own bodies are made from matter.
True
In order to meet the demands for new matter, what must Earth’s residents do?
Recycle the available matter
Which of the following is used to show the universe’s scale, structure, and composition?
Cosmological models
Which of the following is NOT studied using cosmology?
The melting of the polar ice cap
The Moon appears red at times because of its attraction to reddish particles in the atmosphere
False
Our universe contains billions and billions of galaxies.
True
Which of the following statements BEST describes cosmic microwave background radiation?
The heat and light left over from the Big Bang.
The Milky Way has creamy center, similar to how the Milky Way candy bar has a creamy center.
True
Who discovered the first real evidence of the Big Bang?
Edwin Hubble
The celestial sphere is divided into:
88 different areas that identify, name, and plot the celestial objects
Patterns of stars called constellations were first observed by the ancient Romans and Greeks.
True
“Clouds” in space can begin as what?
Nebulae
The H-R diagram is a comparison between:
A star’s absolute magnitude and temperature
Stars emit different light types based on the _______
Elements that they absorb
The aging process of a star is referred to as?
The evolution
Gravity makes nebula more stable in a newly formed star?
False
The Big Dipper and Little Dipper are officially named?
Ursa Major and Ursa Minor
Which of the following happens during the main-sequence stage of a stars life?
It cycles, appearing brighter and dimmer in turns
What force is responsible for crushing or collapsing stars?
Gravity
A small, low-mass remnant star that has exhausted all the fuel to perform nuclear fusion is?
A white dwarf
What is responsible for making stars shine?
Photons
What is the name of the star that is closest to Earth?
The Sun
Hydrogen atoms do NOT repel each other within a star
True
How long does it take light travel from the Sun to Earth?
8 minutes
What is a nuclear budge?
The bulging center of a spiral galaxy consisting of stars in the shape of a flattened sphere that circles a black hole
It is possible to tell if objects in space are moving closer to us or farther away based on which of the following?
The higher the quantities of light that they emit
Redshifts are…
Galaxies that are moving farther apart.
Astronomers estimate that 50 billion to one trillion galaxies exist within our universe.
True
What are the four main parts of a spiral galaxy?
A halo, bulge, dish, and arms
A group of older stars that cluster together in a spherical shape and can contain up to one million stars per cluster is called:
A globular cluster
Edwin Hubble used a telescope and observed fuzzy blobs of light off in the distance. He realized that these lights were:
Galaxies
Black holes have three major parts that include:
The event horizon, singularity, and the chute located between the two
Nebulae are made of hydrogen, helium, and traces of heavier metal elements such as iron that are…
Larger than the Sun
The Milky Way galaxy is home to our Solar System
True
A cluster of galaxies containing very few galaxies is known as:
Poor cluster
How do scientists know that dark matter exists?
Gravitational lensing
Accretion is defined as:
Gravity that pulls matter in a spiraling matter
Many galaxies’ gravity source is in the form of black holes.
True
Enormous clusters of stars, dust, gas, and planetary systems are bound together to form:
Galaxies
Which of the following statements would NOT result in an eclipse?
The Earth is positioned closest to the Sun