International Relations, Social And Economic Rights, Civil And Political, Kyoto Protocol
Civil And Political Right, Ozone Layer, International Criminal Court ICC, Ozone Depletion, International Relations, Human Rights, Freedom of Speech, Social and Economic Rights, Bill of Rights, Liberal, Realists, States, Cultural Relativism, Developed States, Treaties, Genocide, Convention, Kyoto Protocol.
Which of the following is an example of civil and political rights?
Freedom of speech
States disagree on what types of rights should be given priority.
True
Which of the following is an example of a group right?
Right to development
Liberal political theorists place emphasis on ________, as laid out in historic documents such as the U.S. Bill of Rights.
Civil and political rights
Realists argue the primary responsibility for protecting human rights falls to:
States
Cultural relativism is the idea that:
A person’s beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that person’s own culture, and not be judged against the criteria of another
Which of the following is true of human rights treaties?
Setting standards is a critical role that treaties play, as they lay out a clear benchmark for assessment of states’ human rights record.
Less developed states, even liberal democratic ones, often fail to meet obligations of social and economic rights.
True
Which of the following is true of the International Criminal Court?
Even heads of state and military leaders are not immune from its jurisdiction.
The first global human rights movement was:
The antislavery movement.
An organization designed to uncover the truth about crimes that have been committed and move forward with the reconciliation process is:
Truth Commission.
Which of the following is true of the role NGOs have played in the area of human rights?
NGOs have been effective in helping to bring about substantive international laws protecting human rights.
Which of the following is an example of civil and political rights?
Freedom of speech
States disagree on what types of rights should be given priority.
True
Which of the following is an example of a group right?
Right to development
Liberal political theorists place emphasis on ________, as laid out in historic documents such as the U.S. Bill of Rights.
Civil and political rights
Realists argue the primary responsibility for protecting human rights falls to:
States
Cultural relativism is the idea that:
A person’s beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that person’s own culture, and not be judged against the criteria of another
The trials convened after World War II to punish German and Japanese leaders for their wartime actions were not considered legitimate precedents because:
They were seen as “victor’s punishment.”
What statement is correct about the relationship between economic conditions and human rights?
States with deteriorating economic conditions may repress political rights as they seek to maintain authority.
The Convention on the Prevention of Genocide was adopted in what year?
1948
What statement is true about the crime of genocide?
In the cases of Rwanda and Darfur, politicians intentionally did not use the word “genocide” to describe the events.
During the was in the former Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, the term ____________ was coined to mean working to remove people of another group from their territory, but not necessarily killing them all.
Ethnic Cleansing
Which of the following is true of the actions the United Nations has taken toward human rights protections?
The UN has authorized the use of force to protect human rights in states without the consent of the governments concerned.
Some observers argue that indicting sitting leaders like Sudan’s President al-Bashir can complicate efforts to negotiate peace agreements.
True
Which is true about the development of human rights protections at the international level?
Japan pushed for the inclusion of a statement on the protection of human rights in the Covenant of the League of Nations.
Which of the following is true of the crime of genocide according to international law?
Intentionality is required, but what constitutes evidence of intentionality is not clearly defined
What is one reason why the U.S. government has objected to the International Criminal Court?
It argues it infringes on U.S. sovereignty.
The Geneva Conventions (1949), some of the first international humanitarian laws with virtual universal approval, focus on protecting the rights of which group(s)?
Wounded soldiers and prisoners of war
Some states argue that the monitoring of states’ behavior regarding human rights impinges on their sovereignty.
True
Which theoretical perspective would highlight the election of President Trump with his campaign to “build the wall” as an illustration of the role domestic politics plays in the formation of states’ migration policies?
Liberalism
Theorists in the radical tradition place emphasis on
Social and economic rights.
If genocide is being committed, the Genocide Convention:
Requires a response from the international community, though the nature of that response is not specified.
Some African states are critical of the ICC because:
The ICC docket disproportionally deals with African leaders
The Universal Periodic Review is:
An approach adopted by the UN Human Rights Council in which each state evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of its own human rights record.
What is referred to as the International Bill of Rights consists of:
the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights.
While they were skeptical at first, African states are now the biggest supporters of the ICC because many cases on the court’s docket target abusive African leaders.
False
Which of the following is true of the UN Charter?
It includes a statement giving the UN a role in the protection of human rights, but also states that it cannot intervene in states’ domestic matters.
Why did the United Nations convene ad hoc criminal tribunals in the 1990s to investigate and prosecute crimes committed in the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda?
Because the ICC did not exist to prosecute individuals for war crimes at the time
The mass atrocities in Rwanda and Darfur were labeled genocide by major states in the international community, but they did not respond.
False
Which of the following is true of state actions to protect human rights in other states?
Some states grant trade concessions to other states if human rights abuses decline.
What is one reason why the U.S. government has objected to the International Criminal Court?
It argues it infringes on U.S. sovereignty.
The Geneva Conventions (1949), some of the first international humanitarian laws with virtual universal approval, focus on protecting the rights of which group(s)?
Wounded soldiers and prisoners of war
Some states argue that the monitoring of states’ behavior regarding human rights impinges on their sovereignty.
True
The United States is a strong supporter of the ICC.
False
Theorists in the radical tradition place emphasis on
Social and economic rights.
If genocide is being committed, the Genocide Convention:
Requires a response from the international community, though the nature of that response is not specified.
Some African states are critical of the ICC because:
The ICC docket disproportionally deals with African leaders
The Universal Periodic Review is:
An approach adopted by the UN Human Rights Council in which each state evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of its own human rights record.
The “responsibility to protect (R2P)” norm has been invoked only selectively, in some cases but not in others.
True
Intentional systematic killing of a group based on race, religion, or ethnicity is called
Genocide
Less developed states, even liberal democratic ones, often fail to meet obligations of social and economic rights.
True
During the war in the former Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, the term ________ was coined to mean working to remove peoples of another group from their territory, but not necessarily killing them all.
Ethnic cleansing
Environmental problems related to nonrenewable natural resources such as oil have led to violent conflicts.
True
Africa is where the most migrants are on the move and most migrants are hosted.
True
On which aspect of migration would constructivists focus their attention?
The socially constructed state identities that lead people to see refugees as “others” that threaten their own state’s identity
Liberals and realists agree on how to address health issues. They argue that only individual states are responsible for dealing with health issues when they threaten state security.
False
Constructivists argue which of the following about the issue of health?
The ability of states to extract resources from their citizens to deal with health issues depends on whether threat rhetoric is more effective than cooperation and prevention rhetoric.
While they were skeptical at first, African states are now the biggest supporters of the ICC because many cases on the court’s docket target abusive African leaders.
False
Which of the following is true of the UN Charter?
It includes a statement giving the UN a role in the protection of human rights, but also states that it cannot intervene in states’ domestic matters.
Why did the United Nations convene ad hoc criminal tribunals in the 1990s to investigate and prosecute crimes committed in the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda?
Because the ICC did not exist to prosecute individuals for war crimes at the time
Which of the following is true of health issues?
Health issues not only affect individuals, but also state economies.
Which of the following is true of actions revolving around the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change?
While the U.S. federal government has pulled out of the agreement, U.S. states such as California are working with the governments of other countries such as Mexico, Canada, and China to push emissions reductions.
While states have been relatively effective in stopping ________, they have been less successful at stopping ________.
The depletion of the ozone layer; global climate change
Which of the following is true of current conflicts over freshwater?
Egypt has labeled Ethiopia’s construction of a dam on the Nile River, which will limit its access to water, an issue of national security.
If a state is working to prevent the movement of people across its borders, it is pursuing a solution to the challenges posed by refugees and economic migrants that is most closely associated with which theoretical perspective?
Realism
What statement is correct about the relationship between economic conditions and human rights?
States with deteriorating economic conditions may repress political rights as they seek to maintain authority.
Given difficulties in negotiating a comprehensive, global agreement on global warming, new political attention has focused on which of the following?
Getting the top three emitters to come to an agreement among themselves
The Kyoto Protocol, an agreement designed to restrict states’ greenhouse gas emissions, was ratified by over 150 states, including Russia, China, and the United States.
False
The expanded idea of security that argues that people’s security must be stressed in addition to national security is known as
Human security.
________ involves simultaneously advancing our survival and welfare without doing lasting damage to the environment.
Sustainability
Which of the following characteristics do ozone depletion and global warming have in common?
They are not issues confined to a single state.
What is the Kyoto Protocol?
An international agreement geared toward reducing the emission of greenhouse gases
Under international law, refugees can be forced to return to their country of origin.
False
Which of the following is true of current conflicts over freshwater?
Egypt has labeled Ethiopia’s construction of a dam on the Nile River, which will limit its access to water, an issue of national security.
If a state is working to prevent the movement of people across its borders, it is pursuing a solution to the challenges posed by refugees and economic migrants that is most closely associated with which theoretical perspective?
Realism
Given difficulties in negotiating a comprehensive, global agreement on global warming, new political attention has focused on which of the following?
Getting the top three emitters to come to an agreement among themselves
Africa is where the most migrants are on the move and most migrants are hosted.
True
The Kyoto Protocol, an agreement designed to restrict states’ greenhouse gas emissions, was ratified by over 150 states, including Russia, China, and the United States.
False
Liberals and realists agree on how to address health issues. They argue that only individual states are responsible for dealing with health issues when they threaten state security.
False
The international community has been increasingly affected by _____, the costly unintended consequences of economic development in agriculture and industry.
Negative externalities
What is the montreal protocol?
An international agreement designed to limit the emission of ozone-depleting substances
Which of the following places is the epicenter of the HIV/AIDS epidemic?
Africa
Which of the following is true of the Paris Agreement on climate change?
States agreed to the mandatory submission of climate plans every five years, but the targets would not be legally binding.
What are epistemic communities?
Transnational communities of experts sharing expertise and a set of beliefs
Which of the following is true of economic migrants under international law?
They do not have the legal right to asylum in the country to which they are fleeing.
The notion of ________ is used as an aid in conceptualizing how to achieve shared benefits that depend on overcoming conflicting individual interests.
Collective goods
The long-standing and widespread belief in the infinite supply of key economic resources was challenged by
Marxists
Which of the following is true about the problem of global climate change?
The costs of reducing greenhouse gas emissions are high and immediate, while the benefits are diffuse.
In addition to positive effects, economic developments in industry and agriculture also have negative effects.
True
The problems of population growth and decline within states are state problems; they do not have international consequences.
False
Which of the following issues was one of the first historical areas of international cooperation?
Health
Which of the following is true of how international law relates to refugees?
Refugees must be offered temporary protection until their individual cases are heard
Globalizing human security issues affect international relations theory and practice by shaping international bargaining, eroding state sovereignty, and challenging international relations scholars’ theoretical frameworks.
True
Under international law, refugees can be forced to return to their country of origin
False
Which theoretical perspective would highlight the election of President Trump with his campaign to “build the wall” as an illustration of the role domestic politics plays in the formation of states’ migration policies?
Liberalism
The World Health Organization (WHO):
Has revised its regulations over time in response to various global health emergencies.
Which of the following places hosts the most migrants?
Africa
Freshwater is a highly politicized natural resource problem because:
It is unequally distributed and unequally used.
Which of the following is true of the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change?
States agreed to the mandatory submission of climate plans every five years, but the targets would not be legally binding.
Which of the following is true of liberals’ view of the development gap?
They think closing the gap will lead to a self-reinforcing spiral of economic improvement and demographic balance.
The expanded idea of security that argues that people’s security must be stressed in addition to national security is known as:
Human Security.
Which of the following is true of the “demographic transition”?
As women have become more educated and people have moved to urban areas, birth rates have dropped dramatically.
The idea that refugees cannot be forced to return to their country of origin is known as:
Non-refoulement.
Global governance implies that international actors need a unifying political authority in order to coordinate their interests and actions.
False
The case of ozone depletion is:
A success story of international cooperation. Each of the international relations perspectives has its own view of how public health problems can best be solved.
Which of the following statements correctly represents the theoretical point of view mentioned?
Realists stress the importance of the individual state in responding to health issues, especially when state security is threatened.
The World Health Organization has not yet had a successful campaign to eradicate a disease.
False
The “precautionary principle” specifies that:
Actions should be taken on the basis of scientific warning before there is irreversible harm
Which of the following is true of international treaties on the environment?
They are controversial.
Liberals and realists agree on how to address health issues. They argue that only individual states are responsible for dealing with health issues when they threaten state security.
False
Which of the following is true of state actions to protect human rights in other states?
Some states grant trade concessions to other states if human rights abuses decline.
What is one reason why the U.S. government has objected to the International Criminal Court?
It argues it infringes on U.S. sovereignty.
The Geneva Conventions (1949), some of the first international humanitarian laws with virtual universal approval, focus on protecting the rights of which group(s)?
Wounded soldiers and prisoners of war
Some states argue that the monitoring of states’ behavior regarding human rights impinges on their sovereignty.
True
The United States is a strong supporter of the ICC.
False
Theorists in the radical tradition place emphasis on
Social and economic rights.
What statement is true about the crime of genocide?
In the cases of Rwanda and Darfur, politicians intentionally did not use the word “genocide” to describe the events.