Medical Hospital & Healthcare – Healthcare & Nursing
This exam covers medical hospital and healthcare of healthcare and nursing.
Non-medical facilities that provide rooms or apartments, meals, housekeeping, medication management, assistance with ADLs as needed, and recreational activities are known as which of the following?
Acute care hospitals
Skilled nursing facilities
Long term care facilities
Residential Care Communities/Assisted Living Facilities- correct
True/False: The U.S. spends less on health care than most other developed countries.
True
False- correct
True or False: As of September 2020, Medicaid expansion has been implemented in all states in the U.S.
True
False
Which of the following is not a leading cause of death in the U.S.?
cancer
heart disease
HIV- correct
Alzheimer’s disease
The annual or monthly amount paid to the insurance company in order to have insurance coverage is called…
Deductible
Premium- correct
Coinsurance
Copayment
Which of the following has been most responsible for increasing the prevalence of chronic diseases?
Increased preventative care- correct
Increased use of tobacco
Increased number of elderly
Increased physician availability
True or False: Part D Medicare covers hospital (inpatient) services and doctor’s visits.
True
False- correct
Which of the following was the most important factor in the decline of mortality (deaths) in the 20th century?
Development of new drugs
Development of vaccines
Safeguarding the food supply
Improvements in essential hygiene- correct
Which of the following is NOT part of the IRON TRIANGLE?
Quality
Access
Cost
Quantity- correct
According to the video on health care spending shown in class, the reason for our high health care costs in the U.S. is:
All of the above
Inability to negotiate for better prices on our own behalf
The increased aging population and their need for more medical services
Malpractice lawsuits and defensive medicine
Most Americans are covered by ___________.
Medicare.
Private insurance.
Medicaid.
CHIP
The Fee for Service model of insurance reimbursement…
pays practitioner or hospital a fixed amount for each member (patient).
financially rewards doctors for quality and cost control (value).
is also known as “package pricing” or “bundled payment.”
financially rewards doctors for volume (providing more services).
Florida adopted the Medicaid expansion in 2020.
True
False
Which of the following is not one of the ways that access to health care was expanded through the Affordable Care Act (ACA)?
Allowing young adults to remain on their parents’ health plan
Expansion of the primary care workforce through scholarships and loan repayment programs
Excluding coverage for patients who have pre-existing medical conditions- correct
Expanding the Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHC)
Which of the following are examples of government funded health insurance programs?
Medicaid
All of these are correct- correct
Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)
Medicare
The U.S. has a ____________ health care delivery system.
Single payer
Fee-for-service
Multi-payer
Socialist
Which of the following describes the different levels of insurance plans that are offered through the ACA?
Red, yellow, blue, and green levels
High, medium, and low levels
Bronze, silver, gold, and platinum levels- correct
Difficult, moderate, and easy levels
True or False: Shifts in the U.S. population are expected to change with an increase in non-Hispanic whites and a decrease in all other racial groups between 2012 and 2050.
True
False
Which is better?
The health reform signed in 2010
Affordable Care Act
All of the above
Obamacare
True or False: PACE is available to individuals 50 years of age or older who are certified by their state to need nursing home care but who are able to live safely in the community.
True
False- correct
True or False: The cost of health insurance premiums for a family decreased substantially between 2000 and 2015.
True
False
The U.S. spends about _____ of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on health care.
17-18%- correct
10-12%
23-25%
3-5%
Which of the following requirements ensured the same basic benefits for all Americans regardless of the source of insurance coverage?
Essential Health Benefits- correct
The Employer Mandate
The Individual Mandate
Medicaid Expansion
One of the main differences between a Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) and a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) is:
PPOs require that patients get a referral to see a specialist
PPOs require that patients only see MDs in network
HMOs cost less than PPOs
HMOs offer more choice and freedom
In 1965, Medicare and Medicaid were established as federally funded programs to provide…
Health care access to the elderly and the poor respectively. – correct
Healthcare care access to the homeless.
Healthcare access to military personnel and veterans and their dependents.
Healthcare access to the mentally ill.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the history of health insurance?
The first private health insurance in the U.S. was Aetna
The most significant change in government healthcare financing was when Congress approved Medicare and Medicaid.
In World War II private health insurance coverage grew rapidly as an employee fringe benefit.
The demand for health insurance increases as medical technology advances.
Which of the following types of long term care provides the most extensive medical services?
Adult day care
Home health agencies
Residential care communities- correct
Skilled nursing facilities
In 1983, Congress passed a prospective payment bill, under which hospitals are paid a set amount for each patient in any of the established disease categories and Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRGs).
True- correct
False
Life expectancy in the U.S. is higher than most other industrialized countries.
True
False
The four major components within our health delivery system are:
Quality, convenience, access and cost
Financing, payment, strategy, and care
Delivery, insurance, strategy, billing
Financing, delivery, insurance, and payment- correct
How long is the ideal nap?
20 minutes- correct
30 minutes
45-60 minutes
10-15 minutes
As of last week’s class, which university had more COVID-19 cases than Canada?
University of Florida
University of Alabama
FAU
Cal Berkeley
Public Health at the city and state level now include some important functions such as which of the following?
Setting standards for automobile safety devices.
Licensing and Accrediting health professionals.
All of these are correct- correct
Supervising the quality of medical payment programs.
A cover letter should essentially repeat what is listed in the resume.
True
False- correct
Professional certification is mandatory for individual health professionals and ensures the employer and the public that a health professional meets an established level of competence in their field.
True
False- correct
Which of the following is NOT one of the driving forces behind the development of hospitals?
Transformation of nursing into a profession by requiring training in caring for the wounded and ill
The migration of the US population out of urban environments; more citizens living in rural areas- correct
Advances in medical eduation, scientific theory, and standardization of academic training for physicians
Advances in medical science, the discovery of antiseptic techniques and sterilization processes, and the use of anesthesia
Licensing refers to a right conferred by a governmental body to practice an occupation or provide a service.
True- correct
False
Certification refers to the action or process of providing an individual with an official document attesting to their status or level of achievement.
True- correct
False
The process by which a professional seeks recurrent learning activities and training beyond that required for the initial license or certificate is referred to as continuing education.
True- correct
False
What are the two types of healthcare teams?
Functional and patient centered- correct
Nurses and doctors
Hospital workers and non-hospital workers
Men and women
It is recommended that job applicants include a cover letter with their resumes regardless of whether a letter was required.
True- correct
False
Today most mental health services are:
Inpatient
Designed to protect the public
Community-based
Involuntary
Healthcare professionals display their understanding of the need for confidentiality in which of the following ways?
Only discussing patient confidential information with those medical personnel who are involved in treating the patient
Upholding their obligation to maintain patient information in a manner that will not permit dissemination beyond the healthcare provider
All of these are correct- correct
Not making comments in public areas about patient information
Direct healthcare services provided by the federal government are limited to the Department of Defense, the US Veteran Administration, Medicare, Medicaid and Indian Health Services.
True
False- correct
States conduct annual telephone surveys of residents as part of this evaluation to pinpoint behaviors that increase risk for chronic disease including diet, physical activity, smoking, and drug and alcohol use. What is the name of the tool used?
Behavior Modification Plan of Action (BMPA)
Behavior Plan of Action (BPA)
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) – correct
Behavior Risk Assessment (BRA)
HIPAA protects:
Information in medical records
Patient billing information
Health insurance information
All of these are correct- correct
Which of the following best describes ethics?
Listening to one’s conscience
Formal study of moral choices
Making judgments between right and wrong
All of these are correct- correct
Females account for what percentage of the healthcare workers?
80%- correct
50%
20%
35%
There are more private, for profit hospitals than all other categories of hospitals.
True
False- correct
Civil Law covers torts, wrongful acts that result in physical injury, property damages, or damages to a person’s reputation.
True- correct
False
Home health is expected to grow 60%, which is faster than any other healthcare industry in the next decade.
True- correct
False
Which of the following government-funded programs is intended to provide individual healthcare for people with low incomes and who are uninsured?
Medicaid- correct
Medicare
Aetna Health
Med Express
Which of the following are examples of service categories within the healthcare industry?
All of these are correct- correct
Therapeutic Services
Preventive Services
Diagnostic Services
“Scope of Practice” is authorized by laws that determine what someone legally can and cannot do in their work.
True- correct
False
The Patient Bill of Rights does NOT include:
The right to refuse treatment
The right to refuse payment- correct
The right to privacy and dignity
The right to emergency care
Which of the following is NOT true about “Civil Law” in terms of medical liability?
Civil law may include intentional torts like battery and assault.
Malpractice can include inadequate medical advice delivered through social media.
Violoation of civil laws may entitle an injured person to compensation.
All of these are true about civil laws. – correct
The Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies health care into three broad categories. Which of the following is not one of those categories?
Healthcare practitioners and tehcnical occupations
Community and social service occupations and personal care and service occupations
Healthcare support occupations
Healthcare semi-skilled occupations- correct
To sustain their careers over time, healthcare practitioners must be prepared to act in a
professional manner. Which of the following examples would not display professionalism?
Maintaining a steady composure in the face of adversity
Acting in accordance with your organization’s code of ethics
Sharing patient information with other patients who might be interested- correct
Having accountability for your actions
Preventive health care will play an important role in achieving health are through recently expanded, federally funded primary care clinics, and public health clinics funded by city and state governments.
True- correct
False
The most common accusation leveled in a lawsuit against a healthcare practitioner is negligence.
True
False- correct
Resumes should be eye-catching, It is recommended that applicants use bright colors and creative fonts.
True
False- correct
Which of the following industries was one of the largest in 2013 (and projected to generate 4.1 million new jobs between 2012 and 2022)?
Education
Healthcare- correct
Advertising
The legal system
According to our guest speaker, Kevin Allen, people looking to be successful in their career should:
Strive to be in top leadership positions
Stay where they are at
Be authentic
Move to the UK
Guest speaker Dr. Justin Brown attended which of the following universities for his undergraduate education?
University of Washington
Penn State University
University of North Carolina
East Carolina University
The geographic maldistribution of physicians means that:
Not enough physicians choose to work in the central part of the country
Not enough physicians choose to work in developing countries
Not enough physicians choose to work in rural areas- correct
Not enough physicians choose to work in urban settings
Most training programs for LPNs last about 2 years and are offered by vocational or technical schools, or community or junior colleges.
True
False- correct
A nurse who has a doctorate would be called a doctor.
True
False
Which of the following are not factors that will continue to spur demand for pharmacists throughout the 2024 projection period?
Increased rate of chronic diseases
Increased number of hospitals and clinics
Increased number of elderly people
Increased coverage by health insurance plans- correct
Attracting more specialists in the health care industry will help reduce health care costs.
True
False- correct
Certification in an area of specialty is required for physicians and surgeons.
True
False- correct
Advanced practice registered nurses require a master’s degree; most are also certified in a specialty area.
True- correct
False
The current primary focus of nurses training is which of the below?
Pediatric care
Managing chronic disease in community settings
Acute hospital care
Patient education- correct
Formal education and training requirements for physicians generally include:
3 to 8 years of internship and residency
4 years of undergraduate school
4 years of medical school
All of these are correct
Which of the following would NOT be considered an area of specialty for a physician?
Health information management- correct
Obstetrics and gynecology
Palliative and hospice care
Hospitalist
Anesthesiology
In 40 states and the District of Columbia, physician assistants may prescribe medications.
True
False- correct
Which of the following is NOT an advanced practice nurse?
Nurse Practitioners
Nurse Midwives
Physician Assistants- correct
Nurse Anesthetists
An RN has has earned more education and has a higher level of responsibility than an LPN.
True- correct
False
Specialty maldistribution occurs because:
Medical teachnology attracts physicians to specialties
Medical education is oriented toward specialties
Specialists are better able to predict their work hours
All of these are correct- correct
Specialists earn more income
The demand for skilled nurses is at an all-time high. Which of the reasons below is not one of the top three reasons for this increase in demand?
There is a nationwide shortage of physicians. – correct
The growing aging population with complex health problems require skilled nursing care.
Greater numbers of the newly insured are seeking health care as a result of the Affordable Care Act.
Requirements for quality care are higher, while costs mandated by the Affordable Care Act are lower.
Although requirements vary by state, all states require physicians to be licensed.
True- correct
False
Job opportunities for PAs will be best in states that offer which of the following or PAs?
Wider scope of practice- correct
Reduced number of continuing education hours
Post graduate educational programs
Higher salaries
How many hours of continuing medical education must a physician assistant (PA) complete every two years?
50
24
72
100- correct
Which of the following is the minimum requirement to be eligible for entry into Medical School?
Master’s Degree
Docotorate Degree
3 years of college- correct
Bachelor’s degree
Beginning in 2014, how often must a PA pass a re-certification examination or complete an alternative program learning experience and a take-home examination?
Every 5 years
Every 2 years
Every 7 years
Every 10 years- correct
Registered nurses (RNs) constitute the largest healthcare occupation, with 2.7 million jobs.
True- correct
False
Nurse Anesthetists are the highest paid nurses.
True- correct
False
One of the main tools of physicians treating patients is medication.
True- correct
False
The profession in which we will see the greatest shortage in upcoming years is:
Nurse Practitioners
Physician Assistants
Physicians and surgeons- correct
Registered Nurses
Medical Doctors (MDs) tend to be more holistically-oriented than Doctors of Osteopathy (DOs).
True
False- correct
Primary care physicians are being replaced by nurse practitioners and physician assistants.
True
False
In what settings would PAs provide most of the health care for patients and consult with the supervising physician and other medical professionals as needed or required by law?
Inner-city clinics- correct
Ofice based settings
Academic Medical Centers
Prisons
Clinical nurse specialists provide direct patient care to a certain population of people and/or within a specific medical or surgical specialty and usually require a master’s degree.
True- correct
False
Which specialty employs the largest numbers of physicians?
Family and General Practitioner- correct
Hospitalist
Surgeons
General Internist
According to our news presentations, Omega 3’s were recently shown to help which condition?
Asthma- correct
MS
ALS
Hearing Loss
Social workers assist people by helping in different ways. Which of the following is an example of a way they help others?
Helping people who are facing disabiity
All of these are correct- correct
None of these are correct
Helping them cope or solve issues with family and dealing with relationships
Helping those with substance abuse problems
What is the most common entry-level degree necessary for social workers?
Doctoral Degree
None of these are correct
Associate Degree
Master’s Degree
Bachelor’s degree- correct
True or False? As distinguished from psychiatry, which is a branch of medicine, psychology is a nonmedical science.
True- correct
False
Substance abuse counselors are also called addiction counselors.
True- correct
False
True or False? CEO Dr. Todd Blum does not typically look to hire people smarter than himself.
True
False- correct
Which health professional uses rehabilitative exercises, reconditioning, and physical education to treat patients who have problems moving in any way?
Primary care sports medicine physicians
All of these are correct
Athletic Trainers
Kinesiotherapists- correct
True or False? A high school diploma is the minimum educational requirement for social and human service assistants, but employers often seek individuals with relevant work experience or education beyond high school.
True- correct
False
True or False? The National Board of Certifying Occupational Therapy certifies occupational therapy assistants through a national certifying exam. Those who pass the test are awarded the title Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant (COTA).
True- correct
False
Applicants to occupational therapy assistant programs can improve their chances of admission by doing which of the following?
Volunteering in nursing care facilities
Taking high school courses in biology and health
All of these are correct- correct
Volunteering in occupational therapy offices
True or False? Typical entry-level education for occupational therapy assistants is an Association Degree; in contrast, occupational therapy aides usually need a Bachelor’s Degree.
True
False- correct
True or False? The level of education completed often determines job responsibilities. Those with a high school diploma are likely to do lower level work, such as helping clients fill out paperwork. However, assistants with some college education may coordinate program activities or manage a group home.
True- correct
False
According to Kelly Terry, DPT, you should rely on which strategy to maximize your chances of acceptance in PT schools:
Visit the schools- correct
Apply close to the deadline
Only apply to schools near your home
Take biology as an undergraduate student
Speech-language pathologists perform which of the following job duties?
Treat and help prevent communication disorders
Diagnose language disorders
All of these are correct- correct
Assess and treat swallowing disorders
A speech disorder can be any of the following except:
Difficulty producing speech sounds
Controlling voice projection
All of these are correct
Difficulty maintaining speech rhythm
People who speak a different language- correct
True of False? Licensing is required to practice as a physical therapist aide.
True
False- correct
True or False? Employment of athletic trainers is projected to grow 21% from 2014 to 2024., much faster than the average for all occupations, because of their role in preventing injuries and reducing health care costs.
True- correct
False
True or false? in 2015, the Athletic Trainers Strategic Alliance made the decision to require a master’s degree for all entry-level athletic trainers.
True- correct
False
True or False? A doctoral degree from a program accredited by the Council on Academic Accreditation is the requirement for licensure for entry-level audiologists.
True- correct
False
The field of psychology offers a number of specializations. These include which of the following?
School and social psychology
All of these are correct- correct
Clincial psychology
Rehabilitation psychology
Engineering psychology
Physical therapists may engage in professional activities such as which of the following?
Research
Education
All of these are correct- correct
Administration
Consultation
True or False? Orthotists and prosthetists do not require a degree or certification before beginning work in the field.
True
False- correct
Prior to 2015, what was the minimum requirement for athletic trainers?
High School Diploma
Bachelor’s degree- correct
Master’s Degree
None of these are correct
Associate Degree
Psychology is best defined by which of the following?
A study of the bones and muscles and how they interact
A scientific approach to identifying the areas of the brain and their functions
An introductory field to becoming a brain surgeon
A scientific approach to gathering, quantifying, analyzing, and interpreting data on why people act as they do- correct
True of False? Athletic trainers that work in a sports setting typically have schedules that are more flexible and they need to work fewer hours overall.
True
False
True or False? In clinical, counseling and school psychology, the requirements for the doctoral degree include an internship of at least 5 years.
True
False- correct
Social workers may be employed in a variety of settings, including which of the following?
Child welfare agencies
Hospitals
All of these are correct- correct
Colleges and universities
Which of the following professional roles focuses on improving athletic performance or treating muscle or bone injuries?
All of these are correct
Kinesiotherapists
Primary care sports medicine physicians
Athletic Trainers
Clinical exercise physiologists
Which of the following statements about occupational therapists is not true?
They prescribe medications to help patients deal with disabilities- correct
All of these are true
They help patients cope with physical and emotional effects of disability
They use a variety of techniques designed to help patients deal with disabilities
They treat people with mental, physical, developmental, or emotional disabilities
Physical therapists treat a variety of patients with different types of problems. Their patients may include which of the following?
All of these are correct- correct
People with heart disease
Accident victims
People with back pain
Persons with head injuries
Which of the statements below best describes the field of mental health professionals?
None of these are correct
Working with patients to increase mobility after an injury
Working with patients to enhance their ability to perform ADLs after an accident or injury
Working with patients to prevent, diagnose, and treat mental disorders- correct
According to guest speaker Dr. Todd Blum, pay ranks where in terms of satisfiers?
Number one
Last
In the middle
Bottom third
True or False? Many clinical managers are directly accountable to a board of trustees who determine specific unit policies and objectives for their departments.
True
False
True or False? As the chief executive officer (CEO), a person would be responsible for speaking before civic groups, promoting public participation in health programs, and coordinating the activities of the hospital or facility with those of government or community agencies.
True- correct
False
True or False? Health services managers are employable in areas such as outpatient clinics, nursing homes, rehabilitation facilities, and dentist offices.
True- correct
False
True or False? In a large community hospital, the healthcare administrator is responsible for day-to-day management of the service units.
True
False- correct
True or False? Because of the need to satisfy demand for financial viability, cost containment, and public and professional accountability, chief administrators need leadership abilities as well as technical skills.
True- correct
False
True or False? When performing fluoroscopies, radiologic technologists prepare solutions for the patient to drink.
True- correct
False
True or False? Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) both use nonionizing radio frequencies to generate image contrast.
True
False- correct
True or False? A master’s degree in radiation therapy is usually required by most employers of radiation therapists.
True
False
True or False? A dosimetrists is a technician who is responsible for calculating the dose of radiation that is used in a cancer treatment.
True- correct
False
True or False? Chemo and Radiation therapy are always used in conjunction when treating cancer.
True
False
Which organization allows surgical first assistants the opportunity to obtain certification?
CSA designation from the National Surgical Assistants Association
All of these are correct. – correct
SA-C designation from the American Board of Surgical Assistants
CFSA designation from the National Board of Surgical Technology and Surgical Assisting
Aside from their job training, what other skills set would surgical technologists most likely need to have?
Flexible, reliable, easy to communicate with
Conscientious, have manual dexterity, be emotionally stable- correct
Tall, good personality, trustworthy
Personable, have good communication skills, dependable
Technologists who use ultrasound to examine the heart chambers, valves, and vessels are referred to as which of the following?
Cardiographic technicians
Electrocardiograph technicians
Surgical Technologists
Cardiac sonographers- correct
The technologists who assist physicians in the diagnosis of disorders affecting circulation are known as which of the following?
Cardiac sonographers
Cardiographic technicians
Surgical Technologists
Vascular technicians- correct
During a cardiac catheterization procedure, the cardiovascular technologist is responsible for which of the following?
Keeping the family members updated
Inserting the cardiac catheter
Monitoring the patient for signs of arrhythmia- correct
Recording all of the events that take place in the cardiac laboratory
Who typically performs laboratory tests?
Nurses
Physicians
Pharmacists
Laboratory scientists- correct
What does the clinical scientist do with the results after testing and examining a specimen?
Relay the results to the physician- correct
All of these are correct.
Notify the patient directly of the results
Record all of the results into the patient’s bedside medical chart
Which of the following job locations are applicable to clinical laboratory scientists and technicians?
Physician offices
Hospitals
Ambulatory centers
All of these are correct.
Many employers prefer applicants who are certified. Which of the following is a recognized professional association capable of offering certification?
Board Registry of the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP)
Board of Registry of American Association of Bioanalysts
American Medical Technologists
All of these are correct. – correct
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, which is part of the U.S. Department of Labor, the median hourly wage for phlebotomist in 2014 was:
$15.33 per hour.
$12.50 per hour.
$13.75 per hour.
$14.74 per hour.
Which of the following use phlebotomists to perform blood draws?
Hospitals
Diagnostic laboratories
Blood donor centers
All of these are correct. – correct
Which of the following associations offers certification for phlebotomists?
National Center for Competency Testing (NCCT)
American Medical Technologists (AMT)
American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP)
All of these are correct.
Which specific sonographer would help diagnose and treat conditions primarily involving the gallbladder, bile ducts, kidneys, liver, and pancreas?
Breast sonographers
Neuro sonographers
Abdominal sonographers- correct
Echocardiographers
Which of the following is projected to remain the principal employer of diagnostic medical sonographers?
Private physician offices
Hospitals- correct
Specialty clinics
Extended care facilities
Radiation therapists work primarily in outpatient cancer treatment centers.
True
False
Radiation therapists on the medication radiation oncology team use machines called linear accelerators to administer radiation treatments to cancer patients.
True- correct
False
Health service managers are individuals who work in many different positions; planning, organizing, and coordinating the delivery of health care.
True- correct
False
Associate or assistant administers may be responsible for budget and finance, depending on the size of the facility.
True- correct
False
Technologists must adhere to safety standards when preparing radiopharmaceuticals to help do which of the following?
Keep costs to a minimum
Keep confidentiality at its highest priority
None of these is correct.
Keep radiation exposure as low as possible- correct
Which of the following complex types of testing is performed by clinical laboratory scientists?
Biological
Bacteriological
Chemical
All of these are correct. – correct