Dynasty And War Great – Britain History
This chapter is about dynasty & war and the Great Britain history.
Totalitarianism
A theory of government in which a single party or leader controls the economic, social, and cultural lives of its people
Appeasement
A policy of granting concessions in order to keep the peace
Anti-Semitic
Prejudice and discrimination against Jewish people
Munich Pact
Agreement made between Germany, Italy, Great Britain, and France in 1938 that sacrificed and the Sudetenland to preserve peace
Blitzkrieg
an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory
The Soviet Union, America, France, Great Britain, and China
Allies
Germany, Italy, and Japan
Axis
Neutrality Act of 1939
It established that America was neutral in the war while everything was unfolding in other parts of the world.
Atlantic Charter
It established the goals of the Allied powers, and FDR and Winston Churchill attended it.
Tripartite Pact
It was a pact signed in Berlin, Germany on September 27, 1940, which established the Axis Powers of World War II.
Lend Lease Act
When America decided to aid other countries during the war.
Stalin kept his power with a combination of fear and massive propaganda, and Mussolini kept his power by outlawing political parties, taking over the press, creating secret police organized youth groups to indoctrinate the young and suppressed strikes. He opposed liberalism and socialism.
How did Stalin and Mussolini maintain their power?
The allies did not stop fascist aggression in the 1930s because the liberal progressives of that era underestimated the danger. They wanted a stronger Germany to act as a buffer between the Soviet Union and the rest of Europe.
Why did Great Britain, France, and the US not stop fascist aggression in the1930’s
The U.S. increased economic aid and naval support to Great Britain.
How did the US support the allies after FDR’s re-election for a third term?
1. Freedom of speech and expression- self explanatory
2. Freedom of worship- the freedom to worship any religion without any discrimination
3. Freedom of want- Every nation will secure a healthy peaceful life for its inhabitants.
4. Freedom from fear- Worldwide disarmament, so that no one country could attack another
Identify and define FDR’s 4 freedoms
September 2nd, 1939
When did Germany invade Poland
Benito Mussolini
Italy
Joseph Stalin
Soviet Union
Edouardo Daladier
France
Emperor Hirohito
Japan
Neville Chamberlain and Winston Churchill
Great Britain
Hitler
Germany
FDR
Office of War Mobilization
It is the government agency that oversaw wartime factory production in the United States
They listened to the radio a lot, they watched a lot of movies, and they listened to music.
Cultural Trends in the 1930s.
John Steinbeck
He wrote the grapes of wrath which is about families surviving the dust bowl. His works featured working class heroes.
Frank Copra
He was a director who made movies about the average American. His films celebrated American Idealism and the triumphs of the common man.
Dorothea Lange
She was a photographer who took pictures of impoverished farmers and migrant workers
Lillian Hellman
She wrote several plays which had strong roles for women in them.
Mural
Paintings on public buildings.
The Gold Coast
nickname for the southern coast of West Africa
Treaty of Tordesillas
treaty that established the line of demarcation
John Cabot
Venetian seaman who explored the coastline of New England for England
Encomienda
The right of Spanish settlers to use
Middle Passage
The journey of slaves from Africa to America
Afonso
King of Congo
Benin
African society that was ruined because of the slave trade
Sumatra
English influence on the spice market was reduced to a single port located here
Java
Dutch established a fort here in 1619
Spice
Extremely profitable trade item from Southeast Asia
Vasco de Gama`
Sailed around the Cape of Good Hope to India
Christopher Columbus
Discovered the Americas
Amerigo Vespucci
Wrote many letters describing his voyages to the New World
New Netherlands
The English seized it and renamed it New York
Triangular trade
The pattern of trade that connected Europe, Africa and Asia, and the American continents
Ibo
This society produced more slaves than practically any other on the African continent
Moluccas
Known to Europeans as the Spice Islands
Sugarcane plantations
African slaves supplied labor for them
Portuguese
Controlled Spice Islands until driven out by the Dutch
Dutch
Formed the East India Company and West India Company
Huguenots
French Protestants influenced by John Calvin
Edict of Nantes
Recognized Catholicism as the official religion of France
Peace of Westphalia
Officially ended the Thirty Year’s War
Charles I
His execution horrified much of Europe
“Glorious Revolution”
The invasion of England by William the Orange
Toleration Act of 1689
Granted the Puritans, but not Catholics, the right of free public worship
Cardinal Richelieu
Louis XIII’s chief minister
Jean-Baptiste Colbert
Sought to increase France’s wealth and power by following the ideas of mercantilism
El Greco
His work reflected the high point of Mannerism
Peter the Great
Introduced Western customs and ways of doing things to Russia
House of Bourbon
Ruled the southern French kingdom of Navarre
Phillip II
The “Most Catholic King”
Divine right of kings
The idea that kings receive their power from God
Puritans
Protestants in England inspired by Calvinist ideas
Independents
Soldiers in the New Model Army off Oliver Cromwell
Bill of Rights
Laid the foundation for a constitutional monarchy in England
Absolutism
System of government in which a ruler holds total power
Louis XIV
Fostered the myth of himself as the Sun King
Mannerism
Marked the end of the artistic Renaissance
Miguel de Cervantes
Wrote the novel Don Quixote
Sinan
The greatest of all Ottoman architects
Mehmet II
Under his leadership, the Ottomans conquered Constantinople
Gunpowder empires
Empires formed by outside conquerors who unified the regions they conquered
Grand vizier
Sultan’s chief minister
Safavid
Dynasty founded by Shah Ismail
Riza-i-Abbasi
Famous painter of the Safavid era
Mogul
Dynasty that unified the subcontinent of India in the 1600s
Akbar
Expanded his empire to rule almost all of India
Zamindar
Local Mogul official who kept part of the taxes in lieu of a salary
“Akbar style”
Combined Persian with Indian motifs
Zheng He
Led voyages of exploration during the Ming dynasty
Queue
The Qing hairstyle dictated for men
Banners
Separate Manchu military units, which became the chief Qing fighting force
Clan
Consisted of dozens, or even hundreds, of related families
The Golden Lotus
Considered to be the first realistic social novel
The Dream of the Red Chamber
Generally considered even today to be China’s most distinguished popular novel
Tokugawa
Completed the restoration of a central Japanese authority
Ronin
Warriors without masters
Kabuki
Form of entertainment that emphasized action, music, and dramatic gestures
Yi
Korean dynasty that remained in power during the entire Tokugawa era in Japan
Yong Le
Initiated the construction of the Imperial City in Beijing
Li Zicheng
Led the peasant revolt that overthrew the Ming dynasty
Qianlong
Rejected Britain’s request for more liberal trade policies
Foot binding
Considered a status symbol by Qing society
Cao Xuegin
Author of the Dream of the Red Chamber
Daimyo
Heads of noble Japanese families
Oda Nobunaga
Began the restoration of a central Japanese authority
Ihara Saikaku
Author of Five Women Who Loved Love
Japanese pottery makers
Borrowed techniques and designs from Korea
Korea
“the Hermit Kingdom”