Yellow & Red Marrow – Anatomy Final Exam
The key terms of Anatomy Final Exam include, Bone, Marrow, Fibrous, Distal, Cartilage, Joint, Yellow, Red.
The periosteum is anchored to the bone by collagen fibers called _____ fibers.
transverse
perforating – correct
penetrating
connecting
cementing
Bone is ________ and contains mainly ________ nerves.
avascular, sensory
avascular, motor
highly vascularized, sensory – correct
highly vascularized, motor
Severe anemia may trigger an adaptive conversion of:
yellow marrow to red marrow. – correct
red marrow to yellow marrow.
spongy bone to compact bone.
bone marrow to spongy bone.
If a clinician were looking to harvest bone marrow that made blood cells, which bone of a donor would be sampled?
Distal head of femur
Os coxa – correct
phalanges
Distal humerus
Which type of cell produces new bone tissue by secreting matrix?
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts
Osteoblasts – correct
Osteoprogenitor cells
Bone-lining cells
Which is not a function of bone?
Protection
Mineral storage
Body movement
Hormone synthesis – correct
Hemopoiesis
Where does hemopoiesis occur?
Epiphyseal line
Endosteum
Red bone marrow – correct
Yellow bone marrow
Nutrient foramina
Bone is considered an important storage reservoir for:
calcium, phosphate, and lipids. – correct
steroids, proteins, and complex carbohydrates.
glycogen, nitrogenous bases, and calcium.
phosphate, glycogen, and nonpolar amino acids.
calcium, complex carbohydrates, and polar amino acids
The bones of the fingers and toes (phalanges) are categorized as _____ bones.
long – correct
irregular
short
flat
sesamoid
The bones of the wrist are classified as _____ bones.
long
regular
short – correct
irregular
flat
Which is a sesamoid bone?
Patella – correct
Cuboid
Talus
Sphenoid
Scaphoid
An example of a flat bone would be the:
femur (of thigh).
radius (of forearm).
trapezoid (of wrist).
sternum (breast bone). – correct
calcaneus (heel).
Flat bones:
protect underlying soft tissue and may be slightly curved. – correct
have elaborate shapes, and sometimes resemble sesame seeds.
include the bones of the wrist that glide across each other.
are, by definition, not at all curved.
have a diaphysis and an epiphysis.
Consider the classifications of bone, and examples of each. Which classification comprises bones used primarily for movement rather than protection?
Short bones
Long bones – correct
Flat bones
Irregular bones
Regular bones
Which region of a growing bone contains the epiphyseal plate?
Distal epiphysis
Proximal epiphysis
Metaphysis – correct
Diaphysis
Periphysis
The knobby region of a long bone at the end that is farthest from the trunk is the:
distal diaphysis.
proximal epiphysis.
distal epiphysis. – correct
superior diaphysis
What is the thin layer of connective tissue that lines the medullary cavity of a long bone?
Diaphysis
Epiphysis
Endosteum – correct
Periosteum
Trabeculae
Which is not true about periosteum?
It includes two layers: outer fibrous and inner cellular.
It is composed of dense regular connective tissue. – correct
It provides stem cells for bone growth and repair.
It is anchored to the bone by collagen fibers.
It covers the entire bone surface, with the exception of articular areas.
The periosteum is anchored to the bone by collagen fibers called _____ fibers.
transverse
perforating – correct
penetrating
connecting
cementing
Bone is ________ and contains mainly ________ nerves.
avascular, sensory
avascular, motor
highly vascularized, sensory – correct
highly vascularized, motor
Severe anemia may trigger an adaptive conversion of:
yellow marrow to red marrow. – correct
red marrow to yellow marrow.
spongy bone to compact bone.
bone marrow to spongy bone.
If a clinician were looking to harvest bone marrow that made blood cells, which bone of a donor would be sampled?
Distal head of femur
Os coxa – correct
phalanges
Distal humerus
Which type of cell produces new bone tissue by secreting matrix?
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts
Osteoblasts – correct
Osteoprogenitor cells
Bone-lining cells