Traditional & Montessori schools – Political Science Test
The key terms of Political Science Test include, Traditional & Montessori schools, traditional montessori schools, sensitive periods, mixed ages, blank slates, ethologists, purpose of survival, attachment behaviors, social reinforcement, preformationism.
Unlike traditional school, Montessori schools approach learning with mixed ages in a class whereby children are allowed to follow their own spontaneous prompts for independent mastery.
True; classes are mixed ages sometimes 2 to 6, children are allowed to figure out what they want to work on to master with the teacher more often just observing
Gesell hypothesized that _______________ of growth should be examined for their ability to organize the child’s development.
controls for error
explosions
patterns
environmental factors
Which statement is NOT true of Gesell’s maturational theory?
Socialization of a child works best when attuned to the child’s natural growth.
Gesell recognized the influence of genes and environment on a child’s development.
Children do not all follow the same sequence of growth.
Children vary in their rate of development.
True or False: Gesell emphasized sensitive periods of development in which children were maturationally ripe for learning a task.
False; Montessori discussed sensitive periods not Gesell
A prominent contribution of Montessori’s developmental approach was ___________________________.
her insights into language acquisition
her adherence to age norms for learning.
her emphasis on the growth of the nervous system.
her insights on functional asymmetry
True or False: In his writing, Locke disputed observation and empirical evidence as tools.
False, he believed in observation of children and that it would show that children are blank slates, additionally he was deeply impressed by the scientific method and its reliance on empirical evidence.
True or False: Locke believed that people’s development was shaped by their social environments.
True, he believed the environment especially social is what led to children learning and growing
The early idea that humans were fully formed at conception was known as __________________.
A. Biological maturation
B. Ebryology
C. Enlightenment
D. Preformationism
True or False: Rousseau believed children’s minds were “blank slates” at birth upon which learning and development comes from the environment and experience.
False, believed that children were not empty containers or blank slates but have their own modes of feeling and thinking
Rousseau’s contributions to developmental theory include all but the idea that ___________________________
A. Children are shaped by adult teaching and social reinforcement alone.
B. Children develop according to a natural sequence of maturation.
C. A child’s education should be child-centered and fit educational goals to the the child’s particular stage.
D. Each stage of a child’s development has its own characteristics of thought and behavior.
______________ is the formation of attachment to a caregiver by the young during a critical period early in its life.
Imprinting
Instinct
Moro reflex action
Fixed action pattern
True or False: Viewed from an ethological approach, play would not be considered a natural adaptive function of children or young animals.
False
True or False: Bowlby disputed the view that separation anxiety of the very young had it roots in natural instinct and adaptation.
False
Bowlby considered ____________ to be tools of our biology to help the young survive and to provide protection from predators.
exploration urges
separations
attachment behaviors
detachment behaviors
True or False: Ethologists teach us that many behaviors of animals and humans early in their lives are for the purpose of survival.
True
True or False: Unlike traditional school, Montessori schools approach learning with mixed ages in a class whereby children are allowed to follow their own spontaneous prompts for independent mastery.
True; classes are mixed ages sometimes 2 to 6, children are allowed to figure out what they want to work on to master with the teacher more often just observing
Gesell hypothesized that _______________ of growth should be examined for their ability to organize the child’s development.
controls for error
explosions
patterns
environmental factors
Which statement is NOT true of Gesell’s maturational theory?
Socialization of a child works best when attuned to the child’s natural growth.
Gesell recognized the influence of genes and environment on a child’s development.
Children do not all follow the same sequence of growth.
Children vary in their rate of development.
True or False: Gesell emphasized sensitive periods of development in which children were maturationally ripe for learning a task.
False; Montessori discussed sensitive periods not Gesell
A prominent contribution of Montessori’s developmental approach was ___________________________.
her insights into language acquisition
her adherence to age norms for learning.
her emphasis on the growth of the nervous system.
her insights on functional asymmetry
True or False: In his writing, Locke disputed observation and empirical evidence as tools.
False, he believed in observation of children and that it would show that children are blank slates, additionally he was deeply impressed by the scientific method and its reliance on empirical evidence.
True or False: Locke believed that people’s development was shaped by their social environments.
True, he believed the environment especially social is what led to children learning and growing
The early idea that humans were fully formed at conception was known as __________________.
A. Biological maturation
B. Ebryology
C. Enlightenment
D. Preformationism
True or False: Rousseau believed children’s minds were “blank slates” at birth upon which learning and development comes from the environment and experience.
False, believed that children were not empty containers or blank slates but have their own modes of feeling and thinking
Rousseau’s contributions to developmental theory include all but the idea that ___________________________
A. Children are shaped by adult teaching and social reinforcement alone.
B. Children develop according to a natural sequence of maturation.
C. A child’s education should be child-centered and fit educational goals to the the child’s particular stage.
D. Each stage of a child’s development has its own characteristics of thought and behavior.
______________ is the formation of attachment to a caregiver by the young during a critical period early in its life.
Imprinting
Instinct
Moro reflex action
Fixed action pattern
True or False: Viewed from an ethological approach, play would not be considered a natural adaptive function of children or young animals.
False
True or False: Bowlby disputed the view that separation anxiety of the very young had it roots in natural instinct and adaptation.
False
Bowlby considered ____________ to be tools of our biology to help the young survive and to provide protection from predators.
exploration urges
separations
attachment behaviors
detachment behaviors
True or False: Ethologists teach us that many behaviors of animals and humans early in their lives are for the purpose of survival.
True