Protein Transport & Exergonic Reaction – Biochemistry
This chapter of Biochemistry is about protein transport and exergonic and reaction.
What led Walter to study the mass extinction of the dinosaurs?
He was following in the footsteps of his mentor, a famous paleontologist
He has previously measured the amount or iridium in the KT boundary
While collecting magnetic samples, he observed some unusual rock markings indicating the KT boundary – correct
While playing with a small child, he began to wonder what had caused the extinction of the dinosaurs
After his surprising observation in the Appenes Mountains, the first scientific question Walter set out to answer was whether the extinction had happened gradually overtime or suddenly. To do this, they measured the concentration of Iridium in the KT boundary.
Match the hypothesis to the expected outcome and the actual results.
Clay was deposited slowly, gradual event
About .1 atoms of Iridium/biollion – correct
Clay was deposited rapidly, sudden event
No Iridium – correct
Actual results (surprise!)
3 atoms of Iridium/billion – correct
The very high levels of Iridium at the KT boundary was confirmed in different parts of the world and supported an already existing hypothesis, a supernova had caused the extinction. How was this hypothesis tested?
Scientists looked for planetary evidence of a supernova
The scientists ruled out all the other hypothesis and only the supernova was left
Scientists tested the amount of plutonium in the KT boundary – correct
Scientists studied craters from ancient asteroids
Initially, Michel and Asaro found plutonium with the iridium in the KT boundary. Which important feature of science proved they were incorrect?
peer-review
replication- correct
hypotheses development
new observations
Which observations finally lead to the hypothesis that an asteroid had hit the earth at the KT boundary?
High levels of iridium- correct
Evidence of a mass extinction of global scale- correct
Absence of plutonium- correct
High levels of plutonium
Absence of iridium
How was community feedback important in developing the asteroid hypothesis?
Working alone allowed Walter to remain unbiased
Scientists working together were able to prove all the alternate hypotheses wrong
Scientists collected multiple lines of evidence from different fields to support the hypothesis- correct
Other scientists were able to disprove the asteroid hypotheses
Match each prediction to the type of evidence collected by scientists to support the asteroid hypothesis.
If an asteroid impact had actually caused a global ecological disaster, then we should find many fossils before the KT boundary and few afterwards.
Extinctions– correct
If a huge asteroid had struck Earth at the end of the Cretaceous, the we should be able to find quartz with deformations at the KT boundary.
Shockwaves – correct
If a huge asteroid had struck Earth at the end of the Cretaceous, it would have generated a lot of heat, melting rock, and flinging particles away from the impact site.
Glass– correct
If a huge asteroid had struck Earth at the end of the Cretaceous, then we should be able to find the impact site.
Crater– correct
If a huge asteroid had struck Earth at the end of the Cretaceous, then we should find bebris flung from the impact site at the KT boundary.
Impact debris– correct
If a huge asteroid had struck one of Earth’s oceans at the end of the Cretaceous, the we should find debris beds containing ocean sediments at the KT boundary.
Tsunami debris– correct
The evidence that an asteroid did hit earth at the KT boundary is strong. But did it cause extinction of the dinosaurs? What additional hypotheses are scientists investigating?
Volcanic Activity
Over population
Climate Change– correct
Tectonic Activity– correct
Choose the correct statements.
Many scientific questions were answered- correct
There are no alternate hypotheses that explains the extinction of the dinosaurs
We cannot be 100% certain that an asteroid killed the dinosaurs- correct
Walter’s hypothesis remained the same throughout his journey
While making observations and discussion within the scientific community were vital to this story, which part of the scientific process pushed the process forward? Hint: study the figure on page 11.
Community feedback
Testing Ideas- correct
Societal outcomes
What led Walter to study the mass extinction of the dinosaurs?
He was following in the footsteps of his mentor, a famous paleontologist
He has previously measured the amount or iridium in the KT boundary
While collecting magnetic samples, he observed some unusual rock markings indicating the KT boundary – correct
While playing with a small child, he began to wonder what had caused the extinction of the dinosaurs
After his surprising observation in the Appenes Mountains, the first scientific question Walter set out to answer was whether the extinction had happened gradually overtime or suddenly. To do this, they measured the concentration of Iridium in the KT boundary.
Match the hypothesis to the expected outcome and the actual results.
Clay was deposited slowly, gradual event
About .1 atoms of Iridium/biollion – correct
Clay was deposited rapidly, sudden event
No Iridium – correct
Actual results (surprise!)
3 atoms of Iridium/billion – correct
The very high levels of Iridium at the KT boundary was confirmed in different parts of the world and supported an already existing hypothesis, a supernova had caused the extinction. How was this hypothesis tested?
Scientists looked for planetary evidence of a supernova
The scientists ruled out all the other hypothesis and only the supernova was left
Scientists tested the amount of plutonium in the KT boundary – correct
Scientists studied craters from ancient asteroids
Initially, Michel and Asaro found plutonium with the iridium in the KT boundary. Which important feature of science proved they were incorrect?
peer-review
replication- correct
hypotheses development
new observations
Which of the following is both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
mitochondrion
ribosomes– correct
vacuoles
In plant cells, the function of the lysosomes is carried out by __________.
vacuoles– correct
peroxisomes
ribosomes
nuclei
Which of the following is not a component of the endomembrane system?
lysosome
mitochondria– correct
endoplasmic reticulum
golgi apparatus
Jim and Lisa have lived in the state of New Jersey most of their lives. They are both in their early 30’s and recently married. They have been trying to have their first child for a number of months but Lisa has been unable to get pregnant. Recently, Jim and Lisa decided to go to their family physician to see if there may be something wrong. The physician obtained a sample of Jim’s sperm cells and had it sent to a lab for microscopic analysis. After several days, the physician received a micrograph of the sperm cells and noted a structural defect in the organelle responsible for cell movement. Analyze the micrograph below and determine the organelle responsible for Jim and Lisa’s inability to have a baby. Which organelle is likely defective?
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Golgi apparatus
Flagella- correct
Peroxisome
Mitochondria