Genetic Information – Microbiology Quiz 1
The key terms of Microbiology Quiz include, Genetic Information.
What is vertical transfer of genetic information?
transfer of genetic information between cells of the same generation
transfer of DNA via pili
When offspring receive genetic information from their parents – correct
transfer of DNA via phage
What is conjugation?
slecting plasmids that contain the gene of interest
transfer of DNA via phage
abosorbing DNA from the environment
the horizontal transfer of DNA via a pillus – correct
What is reverse transcriptase?
RNA polymerase
an enzyme that uses an RNA template to make DNA – correct
DNA polymerase
ligase
What is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) used for?
PCR seal nicks in the DNA backbone
make a strand of DNA using an RNA template
PCR transfer DNA into eukaryotic cells
to make many copies of a specific portion of a DNA template – correct
\How does the presence of lactose induce expression of the Lac operon?
allolactose binds to and inactivates Lac I, the inhibitor protein – correct
lactose blocks transport of tryptophan
lactose binds to the Lac operator region
it binds to the Lac promoter region
If both glucose and lactose are present in the growth medium, transcription of the Lac operon will not be induced. This is called
cheap lactose
mutation
catabolite repression – correct
catabolite induction
Why is it to the cell’s advantage for tryptophan to suppress transcription of the Trp operon?
so that it can utilize lactose
to stimulate the synthesis of other amino acids
so the cell won’t waste energy overproducing the amino acid – correct
all of these
A gene suffers a single base substitution mutation, and the resulting protein has the same length but a different primary structure than the original protein. What kind of mutation was it?
frame shift
nonsense
missense – correct
silent
What is a mutation?
an inversion
an alteration in the mRNA
an alteration of the primary structure of a protein
a random change in DNA base sequence – correct
In prokaryotes, which are haploid, all phenotypic variation is due to mutation.
True
False – correct
Genes that are always expressed are called
Constitutive – correct
repressible
inducible
indestructable
What do restriction endonucleases do?
repair DNA
copy DNA
cut DNA – correct
prime DNA replication
What does agarose gel electrophoresis do?
separates DNA fragments by sequence
cuts DNA
transfers DNA to another bacterium
separates DNA fragments by size – correct
Why do some cloning vectors (plasmids) contain antibiotic resistance genes?
to select for successful clones – correct
prevent contamination
make the clones stronger
all of these
What is biotechnology?
genetically modified organisms
cutting DNA
genetic recombination
using living things to make a product – correct
What is transduction?
horizontal DNA transfer via phage – correct
taking up DNA from the environment
when bacteriophage infect a bacterium
horizontal DNA transfer via pili
What is vertical transfer of genetic information?
transfer of genetic information between cells of the same generation
transfer of DNA via pili
When offspring receive genetic information from their parents – correct
transfer of DNA via phage
What is conjugation?
slecting plasmids that contain the gene of interest
transfer of DNA via phage
abosorbing DNA from the environment
the horizontal transfer of DNA via a pillus – correct
What is reverse transcriptase?
RNA polymerase
an enzyme that uses an RNA template to make DNA – correct
DNA polymerase
ligase
What is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) used for?
PCR seal nicks in the DNA backbone
make a strand of DNA using an RNA template
PCR transfer DNA into eukaryotic cells
to make many copies of a specific portion of a DNA template – correct