Biological Evolution – Biology Mid Exam
The key terms in this Biology course include Biological Evolution, Bird Structure.
A bird wing and an insect wing is an example of Homologous structures
True
False
Explanation
birds and insects are not closely related, as such the similarity in flight has to do with analogous characters (convergent evolution).
A bat wing and a bird wing is an example of Analogous structures
True
False
Explanation
birds and bats share a common ancestor- as such there similar bone structure in their “hands” that make up their wings is homologous (similar due to evolutionary relatedness)
A shared ancestral character:
two lineages stemming from the same branch point
all of the organisms in the taxon or clade have that trait
includes all descendants from a branch point
taxonomic classification system
Only some of the organisms in a taxon or clade have that trait
A bird wing and an insect wing is an example of Homologous structures
True
False
Explanation
birds and insects are not closely related, as such the similarity in flight has to do with analogous characters (convergent evolution).
A bat wing and a bird wing is an example of Analogous structures
True
False
Explanation
birds and bats share a common ancestor- as such there similar bone structure in their “hands” that make up their wings is homologous (similar due to evolutionary relatedness)
a shared derived character:
all of the organisms in the taxon or clade have that trait
includes all descendants from a branch point
taxonomic classification system
two lineages stemming from the same branch point
Only some of the organisms in a taxon or clade have that trait
What is Taxonomy?
two lineages stemming from the same branch point
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
is the science of classifying organisms to construct internationally shared classification systems with each organism placed into increasingly more inclusive groupings
illustrates where scientists have not definitively determined all of the relationships
A rooted tree branch point:
illustrates where scientists have not definitively determined all of the relationships
represents where a single lineage evolved into a distinct new one
are two lineages
lineage that evolved early from the root that remains unbranched
the field that scientists use to organize and classify organisms based on evolutionary relationships