ATP Synthesis, Photosystem I, Calvin Cycle, ATP, RuBP, G3P, PGA, CO2, Mitochondria
The key terms in this Biochemistry course include ATP Synthesis, Photosystem I, Calvin Cycle, ATP, RuBP, G3P, PGA, CO2, Mitochondria, Light-independent Reactions, Chloroplasts, Membrane, Photosynthesis, Exocytosis, Electron Transport Chains – ETC, Free Energy, Active Transport, Biochemistry Quiz
Which complex is not involved in the establishment of conditions for ATP synthesis?
photosystem I – correct
ATP synthase
photosystem II
cytochrome complex
Which order of molecular conversions is correct for the Calvin cycle?
RuBP + G3P → 3-PGA → sugar
RuBisCO → CO2 → RuBP → G3P
RuBP + CO2 → [RuBisCO] 3-PGA → G3P- correct
CO2 → 3-PGA → RuBP → G3P
Which molecule must enter the Calvin cycle continually for the light-independent reactions to take place?
RuBisCO
RuBP
3-PGA
CO2- correct
Which of the following processes occurs during the Calvin cycle?
oxidation of NADPH- correct
release of oxygen
production of CO2
production of ATP
CAM plants keep stomata closed in the daytime, thus reducing loss of water. They can do this because they ________.
fix CO2 into organic acids during the night- correct
can fix CO2 into sugars in the bundle-sheath cells
fix CO2 into pyruvate in the mesophyll cells
use photosystem I and photosystem II at night
When an enzyme catalyzes a chemical reaction, it will lower the:
activation energy needed for the reaction to occur. – correct
free energy stored in the products.
change in free energy of the reaction.
free energy stored in the reactants.
energy present in the system.
During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis (PS = Photosystem):
Water is split to supply electrons to PS II. – correct
NADP+ reductase functions right after PS II.
Electrons originally in water end up in ATP.
Electrons from the electron transport chain get transferred to oxygen.
Light energy is used to pump protons inside PS I.
Electron transport chains (ETCs) are used to make ATP in both chloroplasts and mitochondria. Which of the following is correct?
In mitochondria, protons are pumped across a membrane, but in chloroplasts, electrons are pumped.
In the mitochondria, electrons from the ETC end up in ATP.
The mitochondrial ETC is in an inner membrane, but the chloroplast ETC is in the outer membrane.
In chloroplast ETCs, the electrons originally come from water. – correct
In chloroplasts, electrons end up in water after the ETC, but in mitochondria, they end up in oxygen.
Which of the following will increase the fluidity of a phospholipid bilayer at low temperature?
Replacing carbon atoms with a heavier isotope of carbon.
Adding trans double bonds to the phospholipids.
Reducing the amount of cholesterol in the membrane.
Exposing both sides of the bilayer to different concentrations of a polar solvent.
Adding cis double bonds to the phospholipids. – correct
Which order of molecular conversions is correct for the Calvin cycle?
RuBP + G3P → 3-PGA → sugar
RuBisCO → CO2 → RuBP → G3P
RuBP + CO2 → [RuBisCO] 3-PGA → G3P- correct
CO2 → 3-PGA → RuBP → G3P
Which molecule must enter the Calvin cycle continually for the light-independent reactions to take place?
RuBisCO
RuBP
3-PGA
CO2- correct
Which of the following processes occurs during the Calvin cycle?
oxidation of NADPH- correct
release of oxygen
production of CO2
production of ATP
CAM plants keep stomata closed in the daytime, thus reducing loss of water. They can do this because they ________.
fix CO2 into organic acids during the night- correct
can fix CO2 into sugars in the bundle-sheath cells
fix CO2 into pyruvate in the mesophyll cells
use photosystem I and photosystem II at night
When an enzyme catalyzes a chemical reaction, it will lower the:
activation energy needed for the reaction to occur. – correct
free energy stored in the products.
change in free energy of the reaction.
free energy stored in the reactants.
energy present in the system.
Small particles and liquids are taken into cells by:
Plasmolysis
phagocytosis
Exocytosis
Pinocytosis- correct
Two different systems are shown for transporting solutes across membranes. In the first system, sodium and potassium ions (Na+ and K+) are moved up their concentration gradients, in opposite directions, using energy from ATP hydrolysis. In the second, protons move from high to low concentration, which allows transport of sucrose in the same direction, up its concentration gradient. Which is a correct statement?
System 2 uses a channel protein.
Systems 1 and 2 are both examples of active transport- correct
System 1 is active transport, and system 2 is passive transport.
The System 1 is exocytosis, and system 2 is endocytosis.
System 2 is an example of facilitated diffusion.